What is 5-amino-1-mq?
5-Amino-1-methyl quinolinium (5-AMQ) is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). NNMT is crucial in cellular metabolism and is overexpressed in specific tissues in conditions like obesity and diabetes [1].
Uses and benefits of 5-amino-1mq
Due to 5-Amino-1MQ being a potent inhibitor of NNMT, it is considered a potential drug target for diabetes and obesity. [1] Scientists developed a reliable test to measure 5-Amino-1MQ levels in the blood and urine of rats. When 5-Amino-1MQ was given to the rats by mouth, it showed up in their blood in significant amounts, indicating that it was well-absorbed and could be helpful as a treatment. [1]
5-AMQ didn't cause any genetic damage in a series of lab tests, including tests on bacteria, cells, and mice. This suggests that 5-AMQ could be safe and may be a helpful treatment. [2]
In summary, while further research is necessary, current evidence indicates that 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium shows potential as a therapeutic agent for conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and cancer through the inhibition of the NNMT enzyme. Its ability to selectively inhibit cancer cell growth, favourable pharmacokinetic profile, and lack of genotoxicity make it a promising candidate for clinical development and application.
However, the existing studies do not offer conclusive evidence of efficacy in humans; therefore, additional research is needed.
Can 5 amino-1mq help treat cancer?
There is some preliminary evidence that 5-amino-1-methyl quinolinium (5-amino-1MQ or 5-AMQ), a small molecule inhibitor of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), may have potential in treating certain types of cancer:
A study found that 5-AMQ significantly inhibited the proliferation of HeLa cervical cancer cells in a concentration and time-dependent manner. 5-AMQ treatment led to increased cell shrinkage, loss of cellular adhesions and apoptotic bodies in the HeLa cells. [3]
In another study, a compound called ethyl 2-amino-6-(3', 5'-methoxyphenyl)-4-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-4H-chromene-3-carboxylate (5q or CXL017), which was developed through structure-activity relationship studies of 5-AMQ, showed low micromolar cytotoxicity against a wide range of hematologic and solid tumour cells. Notably, 5q selectively killed drug-resistant cancer cells over parent cancer [4]
In summary, while there are some promising initial findings, it is too early to say whether 5-amino-1MQ can help treat human cancer. More preclinical and eventually human clinical trials would be required to evaluate its safety and efficacy. However, it represents an interesting potential approach that merits further study.
Dosage of 5 amino-1mq
The exact dosage for 5-AMQ in humans has yet to be established as the studies available are primarily conducted on rats.
In a pharmacokinetic study conducted on rats, 5-AMQ displayed substantial plasma exposures via intravenous (IV) and oral administration. After oral administration, the mean maximum plasma concentration was 2252 ng/mL, with a mean terminal elimination half-life of 3.80 ± 1.10 hours and 6.90 ± 1.20 hours, respectively, after the intravenous and oral doses [1].
However, it's important to note that these findings cannot be directly translated to humans due to species differences in metabolism and physiology. Therefore, human clinical trials are necessary to determine the appropriate dosage of 5-AMQ.
If you plan to take 5-AMQ, consult your healthcare provider for the correct dosage and any other important information.
Side effects of 5-Amino-1-mq
Given the limited data available, it is challenging to assess the side effects of 5MQ comprehensively. More studies, particularly in humans, are necessary to determine the safety profile and potential adverse effects of this compound.
However, treatment with 5MQ led to increased cell shrinkage, loss of cellular adhesions, and formation of apoptotic bodies in HeLa cells. While these effects are desirable for cancer treatment, they could potentially cause side effects in normal tissues.
If you are considering taking 5MQ or any other supplement, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional first to discuss the potential risks and benefits.
5-amino-1-mq vs Semalglutide: A brief comparison
5-Amino-1-methyl quinolinium (5-AMQ) and semaglutide are promising drugs in treating chronic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. However, they work in different ways and have different pharmacokinetic profiles.
As discussed, 5-AMQ inhibits Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), an enzyme that plays a crucial role in cellular metabolism and is overexpressed in specific tissues in pathophysiological conditions. [1].
On the other hand, semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogue. It has been shown to provide superior reductions in HbA1c, a marker of blood glucose levels, compared to other treatments. In a 52-week trial, oral semaglutide provided superior reductions in HbA1c versus empagliflozin at week 26, with an estimated treatment difference of -0.4% [5].
In terms of weight loss, semaglutide was significantly better than empagliflozin at week 52, with a weight loss of -4.7 kg versus -3.8 kg [5]. However, gastrointestinal adverse events were more common with oral semaglutide [5].
In conclusion, both 5-AMQ and semaglutide show promise in treating chronic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. However, they work in different ways and have other side effect profiles. However, further research is needed to understand their potential benefits and risks fully.